Anionic polyacrylamide (APAM) is white powder particles with a molecular weight of 8 million to 22 million. It has the characteristics of good water solubility, high viscosity, strong toughness, and non-toxicity. The effective pH range is 4-14, and it works well in weak acid, neutral, and
Anionic polyacrylamide (APAM) is a water-soluble polymer mainly used for flocculation, sedimentation, and clarification treatment of various industrial wastewater, such as steel plant wastewater, electroplating plant wastewater, metallurgical wastewater, coal washing wastewater, and sludge dewatering. It can also be used for clarifying and purifying drinking water. Due to the presence of a certain number of polar groups in its molecular chain, it can adsorb solid particles suspended in water, bridging between particles or aggregating particles to form large flocs through charge neutralization. Therefore, it can accelerate the settling of particles in suspension, significantly improve solution clarification, and promote filtration.
The mechanism of action of anionic polyacrylamide mainly includes the following three types:
1. Adsorption bridging
The anionic groups on the APAM molecular chain adsorb onto the surface of positively charged particles, and long-chain molecules act as "bridges" to connect multiple particles, forming a network structure of particle polymer particle, allowing small particles to aggregate into large flocs.
2. Charge neutralization (limited applicability)
Only applicable to positively charged particle systems (such as metal ion hydrolysis products in acidic wastewater), APAM's anionic groups neutralize the positive charge of particles, eliminate electrostatic repulsion, and promote aggregation.
3. Sweeping and web catching
When the dosage of APAM is high, the polymer chains intertwine with each other in the solution to form a three-dimensional network structure, which can capture suspended particles and wrap them up for sedimentation, especially suitable for high turbidity wastewater (such as slurry water).
Project | Exterior | Molecular weight(ten thousand) | Solid content% | Cationic degree | Dissolve |
| Index | White particles | 500-1800 | ≥90 | Low~High | ≤60 |
1. Efficient flocculation and sedimentation performance
Anionic groups have strong adsorption capacity for positively charged particles (such as metal hydroxides and organic colloids), which can quickly form large and dense flocs and significantly accelerate sedimentation rate. They are particularly suitable for wastewater treatment under alkaline or neutral conditions (such as steel, metallurgy, and mineral processing wastewater).
2. High molecular weight and adjustable
The molecular weight range is usually between 8 million and 20 million, which can be adjusted according to water quality:
High molecular weight products: suitable for high suspended solids concentration wastewater, enhancing bridging effect;
Low molecular weight products: suitable for low concentration wastewater or scenarios that require thickening (such as coatings, oil drilling).
3. Dispersibility and Thickening
After dissolving in water, it forms a high viscosity colloid, which can be used as a dispersant to prevent particle aggregation (such as pigment dispersion), or as a thickener to increase system viscosity (such as oilfield drilling fluid, daily chemical industry).
4. Salt resistance and stability
Some modified products (such as sulfonate type) have certain salt resistance and can maintain flocculation effect in wastewater containing high calcium and magnesium ions (ordinary APAM has weaker salt resistance than cationic type).
5. Economic and Environmental Protection
Low dosage (usually 1-10ppm) can reduce the cost of medication; The product is non-toxic (residual monomers comply with national standards) and suitable for scenarios with high environmental requirements.
6. Collaborative adaptability
Often used in conjunction with inorganic flocculants (such as polyferric sulfate PFS), the turbidity is first reduced by inorganic agents, and then APAM is used to enhance flocculation and improve treatment efficiency.
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